Research: Publications highlighting emerging technologies, pre-commercial research, and investments for the innovations of tomorrow
Adverse Events
BMJ Quality and Safety
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Authors linked free-text indications from the IBM® Micromedex® database to ICD-9 codes to help develop an algorithm that provided triggers to detect look-alike/sound-alike medication prescribing errors with a positive predictive value of 12.1% (95% CI 10.7% to 13.5%).
Neurologic
Studies in Health Technology and Informatics
Using digital tablets, authors constructed a three-class classification model, developed from multiple handwriting tasks carried out on a tablet, to assist with differentiating between Alzheimer’s disease and mild cognitive impairment, improving diagnostic accuracy by 11.3% for a final accuracy of 74.6%.
Proceedings – AMIA Joint Summits on Translational Science
A digital tablet-based application for neuropsychological assessments and speech data, developed from 44 Japanese native speakers who were either healthy controls (HC) or had mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia, differentiated MCI and dementia from HC with up to 82.4 and 92.6% accuracy, respectively.
Technology
IBM Journal of Research and Development
Case studies and proposed architectures involving the use of blockchain, a distributed transaction system of record, are described for examples of patient consent and health data exchange, outcome-based contracts, next-generation clinical trials, supply chain traceability, and payments and claims transactions.
Real World Evidence: Publications featuring our unique data assets and industry-leading scientists
Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases
Presented at ISPOR 2019
Patients with metabolic syndrome who were at high risk for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) were likely to be older (54.9 v. 50.7) and more likely to be male (43.4% versus 37.8%) compared to low risk patients, P<0.001, as analyzed in a study of disease progression using the IBM® MarketScan® Explorys® Claims-EMR Dataset.
Infectious Diseases
Presented at ISPOR 2019
Older adolescents were less likely than young adolescents to receive the meningococcal conjugate vaccine series (adjusted odds ratio [OR] [95% confidence interval (95%CI)]: 0.68 [0.67, 0.69]) and more likely to have a missed opportunity (OR [95%CI]: 1.27 [1.25, 1.28]) in an analysis of IBM
®
MarketScan® Commercial data.
Immunologic
Presented at ISPOR 2019
Among new knee osteoarthritis patients, those diagnosed by orthopedic surgeons received more knee-osteoarthritis related procedures and earlier prescriptions than those diagnosed by general practitioners as identified using the IBM® MarketScan® claims database.
Mental Health and Substance Abuse
Presented at ISPOR 2019
Seven percent of patients who had severe or moderate depression as identified by scores on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 depression assessment tool received no antidepressant therapy as identified in IBM® MarketScan® claims data. Mean all-cause expenditures for patient groups with mild, moderate or severe depression were significantly higher than expenditures in patients with minimal depression (p<0.001).
Mayo Clinic Proceedings: Innovations, Quality & Outcomes
An analysis of the 50 articles on organization-directed workplace interventions for physician burnout identified four unique categories of interventions – teamwork, time, transitions and technology. Of these studies, 70% reported interventions which resulted in improved measures of physician burnout, job satisfaction, and/or stress.
Addictive Behaviors
Patients with commercial insurance who had potentially problematic opioid prescriptions were eight times more likely to develop an opioid use disorder than patients without potentially problematic opioid prescriptions, while those with Medicaid were three times more likely.
Journal of Managed Care & Specialty Pharmacy
Analyzing IBM® MarketScan data, a study of surgical patients found that adjusted predicted 1-year post-period total health care costs were significantly higher for post-surgical opioid users than nonopioid users for patients with commercial insurance (inpatient: $22,209 vs. $14,439; outpatient: $13,897 vs. $8,825), Medicare (inpatient: $31,721 vs. $26,761; outpatient: $24,529 vs. $15,225), and Medicaid (inpatient: $13,512 vs. $9,204; outpatient: $11,975 vs. $8,212), respectively (P<0.001).
American Journal of Public Health
An evaluation of IBM® MarketScan Commercial data found that the implementation of the 2008 Paul Wellstone and Pete Domenici Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act had significant positive associations with utilization of mental health and substance use disorder outpatient services; trends which continued over the 5-year post-parity act period.
Oncology
Presented at ISPOR 2019
IBM® Access and Value Connect solution with IBM® MarketScan® Commercial and Medicare Supplemental Database was used to determine the mean total per-patient-per-month (PPPM) costs for different cohorts of metastatic breast cancer (mBC) patients. PPPM costs ranged from $6,562 for the 75+ age group at 60 months to $14,201 for the 45-54 age group at 12 months.
Women’s Health
American Journal of Preventive Medicine
In an analysis of IBM® MarketScan® Commercial and Medicaid data, 43.4% of commercially insured women and 68.9% of Medicaid-insured women, aged 40-59 years had a greater than 2.5-year gap between mammograms and 59.3% of commercially insured women and 57.1% of Medicaid insured women, aged 30-59 years, had a greater than 3.5 year-gap between Pap tests
Presented at ISPOR 2019
Global endometrial ablation procedures were approximately one-half the cost of hysterectomies in the treatment of abnormal uterine bleeding, as analyzed over a 12-month follow-up period in the IBM® MarketScan® Commercial database.
American Journal of Preventive Medicine
Although suboptimal, maternal
tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis (
Tdap) and influenza vaccinations increased from 2010 to 2017 in an analysis of IBM® MarketScan® Commercial and Medicaid data. Tdap immunizations increased from 1% to 56.3% for the commercially insured population and from 0.5% to 31.4% for the Medicaid population; while influenza vaccinations increased from 14.7% to 31.3% and from 9.7% to 17.5%, respectively.
Real World Evidence and Artificial Intelligence Combined: Studies applying artificial intelligence technologies, such as machine learning, to deliver more robust insights from real world data
Endocrine and Metabolic
Scientific Reports
The electronic medical records from 64,059 patients with diabetes were used to construct a predictive model for diabetic kidney disease aggravation with 71% accuracy using AI, natural language processing, and machine learning techniques.
Artificial Intelligence: Publications featuring our AI-enabled solutions and technologies
Oncology
Presented at ESMO Congress 2019
In a blinded evaluation of 228 treatments, an expert panel determined that 88.6% of therapeutic options suggested by Watson for Oncology were either identical to or equally acceptable as treatments chosen by oncologists at Bumrungrad International Hospital.
Yearb Med Inform
The top artificial intelligence (AI) health papers were selected out of a field of 1,480 publications by the editorial board of the 2018 International Medical Informatics Association Yearbook. Papers selected used AI techniques incorporating domain knowledge or explored approaches to support distributed or federated learning.
Lance Oncol
In this open, web-based, international skin lesion diagnostic study, 139 algorithms created by 77 machine-learning labs achieved a mean of 2.01 more (95% CI 1.97 to 2.04, p<0.0001) correct diagnoses compared to human readers (17.91 [SD 3.42] vs 19.92 [4.27]).
JCO Clin Cancer Inform
De-identified electronic health record data for 50 patients with stage III breast cancer was analyzed by natural language processing (NLP) annotators designed to extract medical concepts from unstructured clinical text to describe the patient’s clinical journey. Following adjustment, final disagreement between NLP and the chart was found in 6 out of 171 data elements.
Radiology
Applying a training set of 9611 mammograms and health records, an algorithm predicting biopsy malignancy achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.91 (95% CI: 0.89, 0.93), with specificity of 77.3% (95% CI: 69.2%, 85.4%) at a sensitivity of 87%.
Presentation at the Association of VA Hematology/Oncology September 20-222, 2019
IBM® Watson for Genomics was used to categorize/annotate, next-generation sequencing (NGS) information gathered from the tumor samples of 5,987 patients participating in the Veteran Health Administration’s National Precision Oncology Program. At least one genetic variant with Level 1 or 2A actionability was noted in 10.3% of the samples.
Molecular Case Studies
In a single-patient case report, pancreatic cancer tumor genome sequencing revealed a BRAF variant, ΔN486_P490, previously demonstrated to be a kinase-activating alteration in the BRAF kinase domain. Genomic sequencing and analysis led to targeted treatment that resulted in a significant size decrease of both primary and metastatic lesions.